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Contents.Pre-1970. 's article on the 'Theory of self-reproducing automata' is published in 1966. The article is based on lectures given by von Neumann at the about the 'Theory and Organization of Complicated Automata' in 1949.1971–1975 1970 (Fiction). The first story written about a computer virus is The Scarred Man by.1971.
The, an experimental self-replicating program, is written by Bob Thomas at to test John von Neumann's theory. Creeper infected DEC computers running the. Creeper gained access via the and copied itself to the remote system where the message 'I'm the creeper, catch me if you can!' Was displayed. The program was later created to delete Creeper.1972 (Fiction).
The science fiction novel, by, contains one of the first fictional representations of a, as well as one of the first uses of the word 'virus' to denote a program that infects a computer.1973 (Fiction). In fiction, the 1973 movie made an early mention of the concept of a computer virus, being a central plot theme that causes androids to run amok. 's character summarizes the problem by stating that '.there's a clear pattern here which suggests an analogy to an infectious disease process, spreading from one.area to the next.' To which the replies are stated: 'Perhaps there are superficial similarities to disease' and, 'I must confess I find it difficult to believe in a disease of machinery.' (Crichton's earlier work, the 1969 novel and were about an extraterrestrial biological virus-like disease that threatened the human race.)1974. The Rabbit (or Wabbit) virus, more a than a virus, is written.
The Rabbit virus makes multiple copies of itself on a single computer (and was named ' for the speed at which it did so) until it clogs the system, reducing system performance, before finally reaching a threshold and crashing the computer.1975. April: ANIMAL is written by for the. ANIMAL asked a number of questions of the user in an attempt to guess the type of animal that the user was thinking of, while the related program PERVADE would create a copy of itself and ANIMAL in every directory to which the current user had access. It spread across the multi-user UNIVACs when users with overlapping permissions discovered the game, and to other computers when tapes were shared. The program was carefully written to avoid damage to existing file or directory structures, and not to copy itself if permissions did not exist or if damage could result.
Its spread was therefore halted by an OS upgrade which changed the format of the file status tables that PERVADE used for safe copying. Though non-malicious, 'Pervading Animal' represents the first 'in the wild'. The novel by is published, coining the word ' to describe a program that propagates itself through a.1981–1989 1981. A program called, written for systems, was created by high school student, originally as a prank. The Apple II was particularly vulnerable due to the storage of its operating system on a. Elk Cloner's design combined with public ignorance about what was and how to protect against it led to Elk Cloner being responsible for the first large-scale computer virus outbreak in history.1983. November: The term 'virus' is re-coined by in describing self-replicating computer programs.
In 1984 Cohen uses the phrase 'computer virus' (suggested by his teacher ) to describe the operation of such programs in terms of 'infection'. He defines a 'virus' as 'a program that can 'infect' other programs by modifying them to include a possibly evolved copy of itself.' Cohen demonstrates a virus-like program on a system at. The program could install itself in, or infect, other system objects. 1984. August: publishes his seminal paper, in which he describes how he modified a so that when used to compile a specific version of the operating system, it inserts a into the command, and when used to compile a new copy of itself, it inserts the backdoor insertion code, even if neither the backdoor nor the backdoor insertion code is present in the of this new copy.1986.
January: The virus is released. Brain is considered the first virus, and the program responsible for the first IBM PC compatible virus epidemic. The virus is also known as Lahore, Pakistani, Pakistani Brain, and Pakistani flu as it was created in, by 19-year-old Pakistani programmer, Basit Farooq Alvi, and his brother,. December: Ralf Burger presented the Virdem model of programs at a meeting of the underground in Germany. The Virdem model represented the first programs that could replicate themselves via addition of their code to executable DOS files in COM format.1987. Appearance of the Vienna virus, which was subsequently neutralized – the first time this had happened on the platform.
Appearance of Lehigh virus (discovered at its ), boot sector viruses such as Yale from US, from New Zealand, from Italy, and appearance of first self-encrypting file virus,. Lehigh was stopped on campus before it spread to the wild, and has never been found elsewhere as a result. A subsequent infection of Cascade in the offices of IBM Belgium led to IBM responding with its own antivirus product development.
Prior to this, antivirus solutions developed at IBM were intended for staff use only. October: The, part of the (at that time unknown) Suriv family, is detected in the city of. The virus destroys all executable files on infected machines upon every occurrence of Friday the 13th (except Friday 13 November 1987 making its first trigger date May 13, 1988). Jerusalem caused a worldwide epidemic in 1988. November: The, a boot sector virus for computers, appears. It immediately creates a pandemic virus-writer storm. A short time later, releases another, considerably more destructive virus, the.
December: was the first widely disruptive replicating network program, which paralyzed several international computer networks in December 1987. It was written in on the operating system and originated in what was then. It re-emerged in 1990.1988. March 1: The (also called Boot, Bouncing Ball, Bouncing Dot, Italian, Italian-A or VeraCruz), an MS-DOS boot sector virus, is discovered at the in Italy.
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For Immediate ReleaseOffice of the Press SecretaryContact: 202-282-8010The U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) announced today the release of a DHS-developed detection tool that can be used by the federal government, commercial vendors, state and local governments, and critical infrastructure owners and operators to scan their networks for the Conficker/Downadup computer worm.The department's United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team (US-CERT) developed the tool that assists mission-critical partners in detecting if their networks are infected. The tool has been made available to federal and state partners via the Government Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams (GFIRST) Portal, and to private sector partners through the IT and Communications sector Information Sharing and Analysis Centers (ISACs). Additional outreach to partners will continue in the coming days.Department cyber experts briefed federal Chief Information Officers and Chief Information Security Officers today, as well as their equivalents in the private sector and state/local government via the ISACs and the National Infrastructure Protection Plan framework.' While tools have existed for individual users, this is the only free tool – and the most comprehensive one – available for enterprises like federal and state government and private sector networks to determine the extent to which their systems are infected by this worm,' said US-CERT Director Mischel Kwon. 'Our experts at US-CERT are working around the clock to increase our capabilities to address the cyber risk to our nation's critical networks and systems, both from this threat and all others.' In addition to the development of this tool, DHS is working closely with private sector and government partners to minimize any impact from the Conficker/Downadup computer worm.
This worm can infect Microsoft Windows systems from thumb drives, network share drives, or directly across a corporate network if network servers are not protected by Microsoft’s MS08-067 patch.US-CERT recommends that Windows Operating Systems users apply Microsoft security patch MS08-067 as quickly as possible to help protect themselves from the worm. This security patch, released in October 2008, is designed to protect against a vulnerability that, if exploited, could enable an attacker to remotely take control of an infected system and install additional malicious software.Home users can apply a simple test for the presence of a Conficker/Downadup infection on their home computers. The presence of an infection may be detected if users are unable to connect to their security solution Web site or if they are unable to download free detection/removal tools.If an infection is suspected, the system or computer should be removed from the network. In the case of home users, the computer should be unplugged from the Internet.Instructions, support and more information on how to manually remove a Conficker/Downadup infection from a system have been published by major security vendors.